The Wisdom I Believe to Be an Example of the Topic Personal Essays by

The Wisdom I Believe to Be Intelligence is too expansive a term to be characterized in an explicitly target way. Like terms, for example, love and bliss, it is a very remarkable idea than a word to be distinguished. Because of numerous encounters of basic reasoning, I have thought of the most close to home meaning of shrewdness as the idea realizing acceptable behavior in the most ideal manner conceivable notwithstanding the contentions achieved by close to home and judicious reasons. Shrewdness is about control. Being astute is being able to control ones individual want and interests to play out the most ideal arrangements. Need exposition test on The Wisdom I Believe to Be theme? We will compose a custom exposition test explicitly for you Continue I accept the most practically identical meaning of this is the perspective on Martin Luther Kings. In his Letter from Birmingham Jail, he discusses the idea of equity and how individuals must act peacefully to accomplish it. He debilitates individuals to fall back on brutality as far as battling for equity. Peaceful direct activity looks to make such an emergency and encourage such a pressure, that a network which has continually would not arrange is compelled to stand up to the issue. It looks to so sensationalize the issue that it can never again be overlooked (King, 2000, p. 64). His discourse tells about how peacefulness can constrain the restriction to at long last haggle with the issue as opposed to battle it. Brutality includes individual interests in light of the fact that more often than not it is ones feelings that drives them to submit such acts. Then again, peacefulness is a type of controlling oneself; along these lines, its presentation shows the capacity of that indivi dual to think in harmony and haggle without making any more damage others by methods for physical fight. Students Very Often Tell EssayLab authorities: What amount do I need to pay somebody to compose my task on the web? Exposition author experts exhort: Winning Academic Essay Writing Delivered On Time Like love and satisfaction, astuteness is preferable clarified emotionally over elucidated by methods for specialized meanings from books. Along with Martin Luther Kings idea of knowledge and insight, we can arrive at a resolution that shrewdness requires persistence. One must figure out how to pause and how to survey a circumstance since indiscretion would only prompt more mischief and disappointment. Reference Ruler, M.L. (2000). Letter from Birmingham prison. Why we can hardly wait. Ed. Jesse Jackson. Seal Classic. pp. 64-84.

Case study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 43

Contextual investigation - Essay Example The administration of Levendary accepts that for any business to flourish, consumer loyalty must be an essential core interest. Area of business outlets contributes enormously to the accomplishment as this cafã ©. I would agree with a thought of repeating what Levendary cafã © does in U.S to that it keeps seeking after it at Pudong and Beijing international safe haven in light of the fact that the objective market in the two areas are American residents. Encourage ought to present a sound vital arrangement that traces complete methods of making benefits and hazard minimization. A supervisory crew needs rebuilding by making a title like the one of the hazard chief to assess showcase patterns and conceivable hazard identified with international strategies. China has a quick populace in this manner Foster need procedures that misuse all chances to tap a bigger market. To limit the board overhead, Foster ought to consider re-appropriating of HR and acquaint thorough preparing with her supervisory crew to coordinate the rivals in another market. Central command ought to contain every single utilitarian organ of the business. Levendary should manufacture their store as opposed to leasing a space for their merchandise and ventures. All administrations of the cafã ©, in this manner, ought to be accessible at the

How to Write a Self-Descriptive Essay With Good Self-Descriptive Essay Samples

How to Write a Self-Descriptive Essay With Good Self-Descriptive Essay SamplesThere are hundreds of self-descriptive essay samples to choose from in books, magazines and online. Finding the ones that best fit your needs and your style of writing can be challenging but as a writer, this is an essential skill to master. Once you get the hang of it, you will be amazed at how easy it becomes to write that perfect essay.Easy or not, everyone loves a good 'how to do' story. In order to take that one step further, you must find out what the 'do' verbs mean and develop your own unique style of describing your work. The key is in knowing what the reader wants and following your instinct when writing a self-descriptive essay.Most writing schools teach how to write and what writing examples to use in their writing workshops. However, if you want to write your own essay, then you will have to dig deeper and find some self-descriptive essay samples that actually works. This means that you need to take the time to write about what you know to be true about your field or subject.Self-descriptive essay samples can be very useful when you learn how to read them. They can give you ideas about how to write about your subject as if you are talking to someone that already knows your work. But, if you don't know what the essay sample is telling you, then the instructions on how to write a self-descriptive essay are quite vague and it can be very difficult to follow.In order to make a self-descriptive essay that is successful, you need to become an expert in your field and the only way to do this is to read some self-descriptive essay samples. You should read about the areas you want to cover, like sales, marketing, public relations, information systems, etc. Then read those passages of the essay that seem to deal with these topics and figure out how to relate this to the rest of your topic.When you have done this, it will be much easier to put yourself in the shoes of the reader and come up with some interesting ideas that will help you describe the data you just read. One way to do this is to examine the sentence structure of the sample. Try to see how it compares to your writing and to make certain that you do not forget any of the important elements that it is trying to convey. Once you have done this, then you can start writing the actual essay without worrying about whether or not the essay has the appropriate 'feel.'By reading self descriptive essay samples, you will be able to develop your own style and you will be able to relate your subject to the essay you are about to write. You can also see how to come up with a very clear outline for your essay. By following this outline, you will not be spending all of your time struggling to come up with a decent enough description for your essay.Finally, by taking the time to look for these samples, you will be in full advantage of being a student or a professional writer. You will also be able to reap the bene fits of being able to improve on your skills through the training that your instructors provide you with. Self-descriptive essay samples will always come in handy.

Copyright in the Information Society - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2082 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Information Systems Essay Type Analytical essay Level High school Tags: Information Essay Did you like this example? Copyright in the Information Society An Opportunity Missed The advent of the so-called à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Information Superhighwayà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ has thrown into sharp focus the importance of copyright and its protection of, in particular, works of literary, artistic and musical merit. Lloyd opines: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“If the invention of the printing press resulted in a move from an oral to a written tradition at the price of chaining information to the pages of a book, the information revolution frees information in the sense that it may be readily transferred without the need for linkage to paper or any other form of storage device.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  [Lloyd, pp.495-6, 2004] A comprehensive Green Paper[1] was published by the European Commission in 1995 which led eventually to the adoption in May 2001 of the Directive on the Harmonisation of Certain Aspects of Copyright and Related Rights in the Information Society[2] (à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“the Directiveà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã ‚ ). This has led in this jurisdiction to the implementation (albeit after the deadline set by the Directive) of the Copyright and Related Rights Regulations 2003 (in force 31 October 2003) which makes a number of changes to the previously pre-eminent domestic legislation, the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Copyright in the Information Society" essay for you Create order This notwithstanding, significant concerns remain as to certain aspects of the Directive. In particular, it is to be doubted whether the EUà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Information Society programme has been successful or is even of itself capable of addressing the issue of copyright protection in the digital age. The aim of the Directive was noble: first, it sought to bring the Community into line with the WIPO à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Internet Treatiesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢; second, it sought to harmonise various aspects of copyright law within the Community. However, it has emerged as arguably à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“neither fish nor fowlà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ . The ambivalent aims of the measure are reflected by Recital 5 of the Directive: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Technological development has multiplied and diversified the vectors for creation, production and exploitation. While no new concepts for the protection of intellectual property are needed, the current law on copyright and related rights should be adapted and su pplemented to respond adequately to economic realities such as new forms of exploitation.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  While the above clearly acknowledges the impact of technological development, it lamely and complacently concludes that existing intellectual property protection is largely adequate. The radical impact of the internet with its introduction of hitherto unforeseen methods of copying is relegated in importance to à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“new forms of exploitationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  which in their turn are categorised merely as contemporary à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“economic realitiesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  rather than recognised as the revolutionary emergence of wholly new challenges to previous concepts of copyright protection. On a procedural level, Hugenholtz is scathing: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“The result of this over-ambitious undertaking has been predictable. The Directive is a badly drafted, compromise-ridden piece of legislation. It does not increase à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"legal certaintyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢ ‚ ¬Ã‚ ¦but instead creates new uncertainties by using vague and in places almost unintelligible language.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  [Hugenholtz, p.501, 2000] Worse still, is the dilution of the provisions in Respect of Reproduction Right in Article 2 by the effect of Article 5. Article 2 requires Member States to provide for the exclusive right to authorise or prohibit reproduction of literary works, fixations of performances, phonograms, films and broadcasts. However, Article 5 allows States to provide for exceptions or limitations to the reproduction right in Article 2 in an extensive range of situations. With the exception of those referred to in Art. 5(1), adoption of such exceptions is optional. It is conceivable therefore that the ultimate impact upon national law may be very limited with à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“cherry pickingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  by Member States so as to cause as little disturbance as possible to their existing copyright laws. Hugenholtz (ibid.) expresses the view that in terms of the avowed aim of harmonisation, this latitude renders the Directive a à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“total failureà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ . Further, there is scope for considerable concern as to the substantive impact of certain aspects of the Directive where it is implemented domestically. There is a potentially devastating impact upon software development. At present, ss.50B and 296A of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 permità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“reverse-engineering of copyrighted software programmes in order to allow the development of an interoperable product. While this has hitherto been regarded as highly desirable, the fear must exist that in future software companies with a dominant position in the market will invoke copyright protection to prevent the necessary decompilation of their program in order to à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“squeeze outà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  competitors. While this might at first sight seem fanciful, it is already a commercial reality. In America, a compara ble provision was invoked by Sony in requiring a programmer of a robotic dog to remove code from his website on the ground that the release of that code had effectively infringed their copyright[3]. Even Article 5(1) which is referred to with approval in the procedural context of exceptions above is not immune from criticism. The issue raised is that of so-called à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"cachingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢. Article 5 provides: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“1. Temporary acts of reproduction referred to in Article 2, which are transient or incidental [and] an integral an essential part of a technological process and whose sole purpose is to enable: (a) a transmission in a network between third parties by an intermediary, or (b) a lawful use of a work or other subject matter to be made, and which have no independent economic significance shall [emphasis supplied] be exempted from the reproduction right provided for in Article 2.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  The practical application of this is expl ained in part of Recital 33: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦this exception should include acts which enable browsing as well as acts of caching to take place, including those which enable transmission systems to function efficiently, provided that the intermediary does not modify the information and does not interfere with the lawful use of technology, widely recognised and used by industry, to obtain data on the use of the information.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  This seems on its face uncontroversial. However, when one considers the reality of internet use, the viewing of information on a web page will almost inevitably involve the making of a copy on the viewerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s own equipment. In this context, the inclusion in the Article of the phrase à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“integral and essentialà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  appears therefore to add nothing to the protection thus afforded. By contrast, while the practice of caching is intended to be exempted from prohibition, this may in its turn fall fou l of the provision if it is not to be regarded as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“essentialà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ . Of particular concern to Universities, libraries and the disabled is the ability to control a file format. This means that the published of electronic books will be able to impose the use of its own reader upon the potential user of such a resource. Maintaining the requisite range of readers will be beyond the capacity of most such institutions and will reduce if not eliminate the ability to make copies of books for private study. As to the impact upon the disabled, the blind, for example, will be constrained in terms of the use of devices which render such materials into accessible formats. Such concerns stem from the provisions of Article 6(1) which requires Member States to à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“provide adequate legal protection against the circumvention of any effective technological measures, which the person concerned carries out in the knowledge, or with reasonable grounds to know, that h e or she is pursuing that objectiveà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ . Technological measures are defined by Art. 6(3) as: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦any technology, device or component that, in the normal course of its operation is designed to prevent or restrict acts, in respects of works or other subject-matter, which are not authorised by the right holderà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ . The implementation of these and consequential provisions by the 2003 Regulations (supra) result in the new s.296ZB of the 1988 Act which makes it an offence to sell, possess, distribute etc. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“and device, product or component which is primarily designed, produced or adapted for the purpose of enabling or facilitating the circumvention of effective technological measuresà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ . This is capable of leading to absurdity: if one takes the example of a laser which might be used to reproduce a hologram, it might be argued that this, if not à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“primarily producedà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  c ould be at least à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“adaptedà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  for the illicit process of circumvention in which case possession of such a device would become an offence! Less flippantly, such regulation is capable of having a significant impact upon copying for private purposes. Traditionally, there has always existed a tension within intellectual property law as a result of the development of certain types of equipment (consider the now ancient opposition to the introduction of twin deck cassette recorders. However, across the whole range of potential circumvention activities, the sanctions imposed by the Directive are Draconian. In a paper for the Foundation for Information Policy Research, Anderson describes a scenario in which even before a substantive hearing took place, an independent games manufacturer being pursued by a large corporation such as Sony for making compatible memory cartridges might be liable to have their stock seized under Art.8, forced to disclose correspondence with their suppliers under Art.9 or have their bank accounts frozen under Art.11. On a similar principle to that discussed above, the equipment used to manufacture the cartridges could be banned as an illegal technical device under Art.21. In conclusion, it must be conceded that the Information Society Programme of the European Union is a vast undertaking the objects of which are admirable. The gestation period of the Directive was long and at times tortuous. (It might be observed that there was a degree of wasted labour in this process since the WIPO Internet Treaties were already in place and the development of the Directive could be argued to have involved a great deal of duplication with the end result that the promulgation of the Directive and its adoption by Member States was unnecessarily delayed in the process. Perforce in a submission of this length, it is not possible to do more than highlight certain of the more glaring anomalies and deficiencies in the provision. It is submitted that these in themselves are sufficient to give considerable cause for concern and represent particular examples of the difficulty of legislating for copyright in the digital age. However, such examples are merely symptoms of a much more fundamental malaise. Lloyd, at the outset hereof, likens the shift from the concept of copyright that subsisted up to the end of the twentieth century to the principles which should be applied to internet technology to the radical transition that took place from the oral tradition to a document-based system with the invention of the printing press. Adopting this example, just as the distribution of printed works required the development of an entirely new set of hitherto unfamiliar legal principles in order to protect the rights of the originators of works, the advent of the information society requires just such a fundamental reappraisal. It is in this respect that provisions such as the EC Directive have failed. The Directive and the domestic legislation that flows from it can be characterised as a clumsy attempt to à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“bolt-onà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  established intellectual property principles to a novel and alien technology. This is why so much of the current copyright legislation as it applies to the Information Superhighway is at best strained and at worst unworkable. The precious opportunity to develop a new legal regime for the protection of originality in a new era has been missed. Bibliography Anderson. A., à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“The Draft IPR Enforcement Directive A Threat to Competition and Libertyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ , www.fipr.org/copyright/draft-ipr-enforce.html Directive on the Harmonisation of Certain Aspects of Copyright and Related Rights in the Information Society, 2001/29/EC, 22 May 2001 European Commission, Communication on Copyright and Related Rights in the Information Society, www.europa.eu.int/rapid/pressReleasesAction.do European Commission, Copyright and Related Rights in the Inf ormation Society, 19.07.1995 COM 95 final Europeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Information Society Thematic Portal, www.europa.eu.int/information_society/text_en.html Torremans, P, [2005] Holyoak Torremans Intellectual Property Law, OUP, Oxford Hugenholtz, B., à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Why the Copyright Directive is Unimportant and Possibly Invalidà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ , EIPR 11, pp.501-502 Lloyd, I., [2004] Information Technology Law, OUP, Oxford Lloyd, I., [2000] Legal Aspects of the Information Society, Butterworths, London Midgley, J., à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Critique of the Proposed UK Implementation of the EU Copyright Directiveà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  www.ukcdr.org/issues/eucd/ukimpl/critique_uk_impl.html The Patent Office, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“The Copyright Directive (2001/29/EC UK Implementationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ , www.patent.gov.uk/about/consultations/eccopyright/impact.html Reed, C. [2000] Internet Law: Text and Materials, Butterworths, London www.europa.eu.int/comm/dgs/information_society/tex t_en.html Footnotes [1] COM (95) 382 final [2] Directive 2001/29/EC [3] See à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Teaching Robot Dogs New Tricksà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ , Scientific American, Jan 21, 2002 and discussion in Midgley, J., à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Critique of the Proposed UK Implementation of the EU Copyright Directiveà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  www.ukcdr.org/issues/eucd/ukimpl/critique_uk_impl.html

Statistics on Victoria, the Capital of British Columbia, Canada

Victoria is the capital city of the province of British Columbia, Canada. Victoria is a gateway to the Pacific Rim, is close to U.S. Markets, and has many sea and air links that make it a business hub. With the mildest climate in Canada, Victoria is known for its gardens and is a clean and charming city. Victoria holds many reminders of both its native and British heritage, and views of totem poles combine with afternoon tea. The focus of downtown Victoria is the inner harbor, overlooked by the Parliament Buildings and the historic Fairmont Empress Hotel. Location of Victoria, British Columbia Victoria is located on the southern tip of Vancouver Island.See a  map of Victoria Area 19.47 sq. km (7.52 sq. miles) (Statistics Canada, 2011 Census) Population 80,017 (Statistics Canada, 2011 Census) Date Victoria Incorporated as a City 1862 Date Victoria Became the Capital City of British Columbia 1871 Government of the City of Victoria After the 2014 election, Victoria municipal elections will be held every four years rather than three. Date of the last Victoria municipal election: Saturday, November 15, 2014 Victorias city council is made up of nine elected representatives: one mayor and eight city councillors. Victoria Mayor Lisa HelpsVictoria City Councillors Victoria Attractions Major attractions in the capital city include: Parliament Buildings, home of the BC Legislative AssemblyButchart GardensRoyal BC MuseumMaritime Museum of BCFairmont Empress HotelTrans Canada Trail Weather in Victoria Victoria has the mildest climate in Canada, and with an eight-month frost-free season flowers bloom year-round. The average annual rainfall for Victoria is 66.5 cm (26.2 in.), far less than in Vancouver, BC or New York City. Summers in Victoria are pleasantly warm and dry with an average maximum temperature in July and August of 21.8 °C (71 °F). Victoria winters are mild, with rain and the occasional light snow. The average temperature in January is 3 °C (38 °F). Spring can start as early as February. City of Victoria Official Site City of Victoria Capital Cities of Canada For information on the other capital cities in Canada, see Capital Cities of Canada.

Exercise And Training Program The Weight Management And...

1. HS 200: Pre-Requisite Test #1 Overall I got an 8.5% on this Pre-Req Test a. Strengths: I think my strengths were in the exercise and training program questions, the weight management and BMI questions, the questions on basic nutrition concepts, and some of exercise science vocabulary questions. Even though I took HS200 a few years ago it was a class I did well in. Also I took a few exercise science classes at my community college, and live an active lifestyle, so I think this helped me on this pre-req test b. Weaknesses: I wasn t familiar with certain vocabulary words like â€Å"progressive overload†, and â€Å"resting metabolic rates†. I additionally need to review the American College of Sports Medicine’s guidelines on the components of fitness, stretching, and the overall recommendations. c. Specific Action Plan: In order to stay on track in this class I will need to be very familiar with the theories, vocabulary, guidelines, and overall information I learned in my HS200 class. To be successful and learn new and more difficult material I will refer back to my binder and notecards from HS2OO in order to refresh on this information. A study tool I used a lot during my Healthy Lifestyles class was a website called quizlet. It had pre-made flashcards and activities that helped me master the new information, I will be using this website again. Many of the concepts learn in Healthy Lifestyles is the base of my other public health classes, by returning to these it will help me notShow MoreRelatedHealth And Fitness Criteria For Cardiovascular Diseases5543 Words   |  23 PagesECG strip. 2. The student will interpret basic principles of 12-lead ECG, fitness assessments, exercise testing, and exercise prescription techniques. Application 1. The student will be able to determine if doctor approval is needed in order to prescribe an exercise program and determine if medical supervision is needed. 2. 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Work Place Discrimination-Free-Samples for Students-Myassignment

Question: To what extent can work place discrimination be effectively managed by human resources? Answer: The essay aims to address the question- to what extent can work place discrimination be effectively managed by human resources? Workplace discrimination is the burning problem in Australia and in many countries in the world. Talking about Australia, nearly a million people have faced workplace discrimination in recent years and it can take many forms. According to O'loughlin et al. (2017), in past two years, around 480,000 Australian workers reported having experienced workplace discrimination due to age. Everyone in three Australians experience racism in the workplace. Further sexual harassment is affecting Australian women disproportionately. Every one in 20 men and one in five women report experiences of sexual harassment in workplace Australia. Human resource managers may not be able to manage the workplace discrimination to a great extent. The essay will critically analyse the relevant resources related to workplace discrimination especially age discrimination, sexual harassment and racial discrimination and the way it can be avoided to address the essay question. The human resource department cannot stop sexual harassment at workplace. As per the standard protocol, a well trained human resource manger conducts immediate and impartial investigation whenever anyone experiences sexual harassment at work (Kensbock et al., 2015 pp. 36-50). The recent statistics of sexual harassment at workplace in Australia demonstrates how far things are from the standards. There is a wrong system in place to address such queries and concerns. Human resource management in many cases appeared to show biasness towards star performers. No action was taken against sexual harassment committed by excellent performers in the organisation. In several recent cases the HR mangers were found to support the alleged abusers instead of victims (Braithwaite Ahmed, 2015 pp. 20-26). It is argued by Fox and Cowan (2015, pp. 116-130) that in majority of cases in Australia and US, it was observed that HR mangers do not follow the basic compliance function. It seems that they misinterpret their mission of ensuring zero violations of law by the company as protecting the organisations from lawsuits. It is the not the scenario in most cases. HR managers provide sexual harassment training just to follow the basic rule set by Supreme Court in 1980s. If a company can prove itself that it has taken adequate measures to prevent harassment then by Supreme Court decision it is not liable for employees behaviour. Therefore, many middle and small size organisations only tend to maintain the preventive part of the standards by stating in guidelines about the Sex Discrimination Act or a short training. There are few organisations that handle sexual harassment at workplace however; it should be a visible commitment and requires an effective leader. It can be concluded that HR depa rtment fails to address the sexual harassment to a great extent in workplace due to reluctance, lack of skills and talent and poor position of this department in the organisational charts. HR managers fail to address racial discrimination in Australian workplace which is known as multicultural society. Human resource management on the name of preventing the racial discrimination at workplace only does teach its employees on how to treat those from other races and backgrounds. It is just the backdrop of tolerance when talking about the diversity and inclusion in workplace. In many workplaces the zero tolerance policies only cover the discriminations such as minorities making less money than the white counterparts. Zero tolerance does not really mean zero tolerance in most organisations (D'Netto et al., 2014 pp. 1243-1266). Some of the cases showed HR manager to victimise the employees for complaining the Australian Human Right Commission about racial discrimination. As per D'Netto et al. (2014) the HR style of diversity management in Australia especially in manufacturing sector uses legalistic compliance approach. The root cause of racial discrimination is not considering the diverse workforce as source of competitive advantage. Based on survey maximum small and middle size organisations were found to lack effective practices for diversity management. Various Australian manufacturing sectors have failed to recognise the overseas skills, capitalise on benefits, and value diversity. Other factors acting as barrier for HR department to handle the workplace racism are increased training costs, ineffective communication skills, and social isolation. In Australian workplace most migrant workers were found to be disadvantaged. HR management in several organisations is not relevant to prevent age discrimination. With the increase in aging population, age discrimination has become very common in Australian workplace. Age discrimination was also reported by the job seekers. More than 300,000 older Australianswhen applying for job feel to be judged unfairly (Macdonald Levy, 2016 pp. 169-190).As per UNSW Australian Business School, many agencies hire people at age range that cuts off at 40 or 45. It means mature labour forces cannot be expanded and its feasibility and validity is questionable. As per the age discrimination study conducted by the Human Rights Commission in 2015, many people over 50 looking for paid work are deprived of opportunities for promotion and training. The human resource managers are found to reinforce the negative attitude towards ageism at workplace. In many Australian job descriptions it is mentioned young and vibrant which is indirect signal to old workers that they are not welcomed (Martin et al. 2014 pp. 992-1018). The HR department does not keep pace with what is known as skilled based workforce due to anticipations and myths. Further, there is reluctance in HR manager and line managers to have transparent open conversations with mature-age workers. There is lack of awareness among these professionals about the true value of old workers and that old people are also talented (Conway Monks, 2017 pp. 585-606). Without a positive perspective on skilled based workforce and willingness to handle the stereotype about old workers skills the HR department cannot fix the age discrimination. Thus, it acts as a barrier to governments expectation that the aged people will remain in paid work. In conclusion, the workplace discrimination is the burning problem in Australia and many other developed countries. The essay discusses three areas of discrimination at workplace that are sexual harassment, racial and age discrimination. It is difficult for HR managers to handle these discriminations at workplace to a great extent. The preventive measures taken by HR department are just to flaunt the high company standards but not address these issues. The presence of age discrimination legislations or Racial Discrimination Act or Sex Discrimination Act does not seem to help HR mangers to prevent such discriminations. Only by changing the stereotyping attitude and including diversity and inclusion in true sense can the discrimination be handled. There is need to fours on long term corrective actions by the HR managers and use systematic approaches to what is known as individual problem References Braithwaite, V., Ahmed, E. (2015). The personal management of shame and pride in workplace bullying. Conway, E., Monks, K. (2017). Designing a HR System for Managing an Age-Diverse Workforce: Challenges and Opportunities. InThe Palgrave Handbook of Age Diversity and Work(pp. 585-606). Palgrave Macmillan UK. D'Netto, B., Shen, J., Chelliah, J., Monga, M. (2014). Human resource diversity management practices in the Australian manufacturing sector.The International Journal of Human Resource Management,25(9), 1243-1266. Fox, S., Cowan, R. L. (2015). Revision of the workplace bullying checklist: the importance of human resource management's role in defining and addressing workplace bullying.Human Resource Management Journal,25(1), 116-130. Kensbock, S., Bailey, J., Jennings, G., Patiar, A. (2015). Sexual Harassment of Women Working as Room Attendants within 5?Star Hotels.Gender, Work Organization,22(1), 36-50. Macdonald, J. L., Levy, S. R. (2016). Ageism in the workplace: The role of psychosocial factors in predicting job satisfaction, commitment, and engagement.Journal of Social Issues,72(1), 169-190. Martin, G., Dymock, D., Billett, S., Johnson, G. (2014). In the name of meritocracy: managers' perceptions of policies and practices for training older workers.Ageing Society,34(6), 992-1018. O'loughlin, K., Kendig, H., Hussain, R., Cannon, L. (2017). Age discrimination in the workplace: The more things change.Australasian Journal on Ageing,36(2), 98-101

The Classical Period in Music History free essay sample

Presented by: Kevin Bad, Max Lee, George Ingram Presented to: Maam Chisel Morning Date: February 9, 2012 most famous composers of all time: Mozart, Beethoven and Haydn. The classical era spans roughly 80 years in music history during the 18th and 19th centuries and is often associated with the movement called the Age of Reason. It is defined by a return to symmetry and simplicity not only in music, but also in architecture and fine art. The excavation of Pompeii began in 1748, and the visible remains which were drawn and engraved became a template for the aesthetics of the time.The best known composers from the Classical period are Mozart, Beethoven and Haydn. Time Period Most musicologists mark the death of J. S. Bach in 1750 as the end of the Baroque era and the dawn of the Classical era. There are fewer consensuses on when it ended: some consider the death of Beethoven in 1827 to be the boundary line whilst others cite 1800 as the beginning of the Romantic era. We will write a custom essay sample on The Classical Period in Music History or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The Oxford Companion to Music marks the end of the Classical era as sometime between 1800 and 1830. Few disagree that there was an overlapping of classical and romantic ideals by the early 19th century. StyleThe style of music from the Classical Era is predominantly homophobic, consisting of a single melody line with accompaniment as opposed to the polyphonic style of the Baroque Era which weaves together a number of melodic lines. Composers of the Classical Era rejected the elaborate styles of the Baroque Era, which they considered self-indulgent and vulgar. They simplified harmonic structures, shortened musical phrases and applied symmetry that was often lacking in the music of their predecessors. The Classical Era also saw a shift to more instrumental genres, particularly the symphony and the string quartet.Form Great emphasis was placed on developing musical forms in the Classical era, the most important and overarching being sonata form. Sonata form consists of 3 clearly defined sections: the exposition (and introduction), the development section (a contrasting section in a d ifferent but related key) and the recapitulation (a return to the introductory material but remaining in the original key). Sonata form had a direct impact on the development of instrumental music types, particularly the symphony, concerto, sonata and string quartet. All of these types are still used by contemporary composers.Composers The Classical period produced fewer enduring composers than any other musical period from the sass onwards. The Emphasis on form was to have a lasting impact on musical composition but in its infancy it had a rather stifling effect on musical substance and expression. Although there were hundreds of successful and revered composers during that time, only three of them composed music which would truly stand the test of time. Main Characteristics It is mainly homophobic -? melody above choral accompaniment (but counterpoint is by no means forgotten, especially later in the period).Variety and contrast within a piece became more pronounced than before. Variety of keys, melodies, rhythms and dynamics (using crescendo, diminuendo and sporrans), along with frequent changes of mood and timbre were more commonplace in the Classical period than they had been in the Baroque. Melodies tended to be shorter than those of Baroque music, Ninth clear-cut phrases and clearly marked cadences. The Orchestra increased in size and range; the harpsichord continuo fell out of use, and the woodwind became a self-contained section.

The Self-Destruction of Humank essays

The Self-Destruction of Humank essays The Self-Destruction of Humankind in R. U. R. In Karel Capeks play R. U. R. (Rossums Universal Robots) the idealistic young Helena Glory arrives at the remote island factory of Rossum's Universal Robots, on a mission from a humanitarian organization devoted to liberating the Robots, which are being sold to the world as cheap labour force. Although Helenas decision to ask Dr. Gall, the head of the Physiological and Experimental Department of R. U. R., to make the robots more human was a foolish, naive miscalculation which leads to the extermination of the human race, she isnt the only one to blame for the destructive consequences of Rossums Universal Robots. Helena Glory arrives at the factory of Rossums Universal Robots as a representative of a group which wants to give more human rights to the robots. This is a contradiction in itself because one cant give something non-human the rights of a human. So in order to achieve her request the robots have to become more like human. But this request is very naive because Helena only considers the non-destructive human characteristics like love, to have a soul and to have a free will. The human features she doesnt think which robots shouldnt have are the will not to have a master just like Radius, a highly developed robot, says to Helena (p. 164). This characteristic is responsible for the formation of a Robot organization. Another charcteristic that the robots gain through Helenas decision is the struggle to increase their own power. Thats why the robtos want to rule over others just like Radius tells Helena (p. 164). The most devastating attribute that the robots acquire is to slaughter an d to dominate. Radius tells Alquist, that it was necessary to slaughter and dominate in order to become human beings (p. 192). This attribute was the one which lead to the extinction of the human race. At first Helena believed that it...

Laws 310 Wk 5 Simulation Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Laws 310 Wk 5 Simulation - Assignment Example This might have been for various reasons that will be seen in this paper. As a juror, it would be my duty and responsibility to provide sufficient evidence showing whether the accused might be guilty or not. This is in relation and consideration to the evidence provided. To find out if the suit against the defendant is liable, his position at the workplace would have to be clarified. During the time of the plaintiff’s arrival at the organization, the defendant, Clarence was in charge of operations and staff members. He checked the members’ operations and daily dealings. He guided the team members on the right way to carry out the firm’s operations. He also had the ability to assign team members various tasks in the workplace. This is sufficient evidence to suggest that Clarence, as an employee in the firm, was acting under a supervisory role as per the firm’s instructions. The fact that he could assign tasks depending on how he felt was a clear misuse of power. To prove that Clarence’s behaviour constituted sexual harassment is not up for debate. Miss Darcy clearly had a hard time working for a group of individuals who made her life miserable. It is difficult enough to wake up every day to go to work. This is especially if the field that is dominated by men. It becomes even harder if the place one works does not recognise her for her input, rather; wants her for all the sexual fantasies that her male counterparts have. This is brought out in Miss Darcy’s statement about Clarence forcing himself on her a number of times. Also, assault can be added to the charges. Assault can come in the form of words. In this case, Clarence ascertained that whatever he wanted from her, he would get. No amount of pushing away or saying no could get him to stop. When she reports the matter to a superior, all she gets is a laugh about Clarence’s suggestive character. She, therefore, has no option, but to go

Cancer Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Cancer - Essay Example There are many factors causing cancer but unfortunately, we have not been able to clearly identify them. However, the United States Surgeon General published a report in 1988 "that diet could be responsible for up to 70% of all cancers - with a (conservative) 'best estimate' suggesting that diet was responsible for 35% of all cancers." (Coleman, 1995). Agents or substances that promote cancer, called carcinogens, cause cancer through alteration of metabolism in the cells or directly damage the DNA structure in cells. Most of these carcinogens are obtained from food like stored grains, nuts and peanut butter, and numerous potent carcinogens, which are similar to those found in cigarettes, may also be produced in cooking protein-rich food at high temperatures like broiling or barbecuing meat. Evidences show that fruit and vegetable rich diet lowers the risk of heart disease and stroke. One study done as part of the Harvard-based Nurses' Health Study and Health Professionals Follow-up Study, the longest and largest study about the subject in history in which dietary habits of roughly 110,000 men and women were monitored for 14 years. In this study, it is clear that the higher the average daily intake of fruits and vegetables, the lower the risk of acquiring cardiovascular illnesses, as compared to those with less fruits and vegetables intake, were 30% less likely to have a heart attack or stroke. According to the Harvard School of Public Health, early studies revealed that a fruit and vegetable diet is likely to be a protection against certain cancers. A research on fruits, vegetables and cancer by the International Agency for Research on Cancer, which is part of the World Health Organization, states that: "There is limited evidence for a cancer-preventive effect of consumption of fruit and of vegetables for cancers of the mouth and pharynx, esophagus, stomach, colon-rectum, larynx, lung, ovary (vegetables only), bladder (fruit only), and kidney. There is inadequate evidence for a cancer-preventive effect of consumption of fruit and of vegetables for all other sites." However, considering all evidence from human epidemiological, animal, and other types of studies, it appears that eating more fruit "probably lowers the risk of cancers of the esophagus, stomach and lung" and "possibly reduces the risk of cancers of the mouth, pharynx, colon-rectum, larynx, kidney, and urinary bladder." Eating more vegetables "probably lowers the risk of cancers of the esophagus and colon-rectum" and "possibly reduces the risk of cancers of the mouth, pharynx, stomach, larynx, lung, ovary and kidney." All fruits and vegetables contribute to minimize the risk of heart diseases, but green leafy and cruciferous vegetables, and citrus fruits and juice are the biggest factors in this field. Two studies in Harvard show that adding fruit and vegetable intake by one serving a day can surely reduce risks of coronary diseases by 4%. For ten years, researchers at Johns Hopkins in the US and Yonsei Univerity in Korea monitored about

Two Separate Levels of Governance at a Teaching Hospital Essay Example for Free

Two Separate Levels of Governance at a Teaching Hospital Essay Dr. Darrick Kent (2007) is an assistant professor of family medicine, director of curriculum and head of medical information systems at a teaching hospital with a popular residency training program.   The hospital has two hundred and seventy beds with faculty and residents making approximately five hundred and sixty bedside patient visits every week.   According to Dr. Kent, the organizational size of his hospital – with approximately two hundred and ten people working on different shifts during each month – is substantial enough for him to try out new methods of governance as in charge of the medical information systems.    In other words, he would like to ease the governance of the facility by all means with the use of latest technology. As an example, Dr. Kent has introduced the Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) to all members of the faculty as well as residents at the hospital.   According to him, it was necessary to introduce the PDA to the residents and faculty members across the facility.   He knew that his â€Å"colleagues† would benefit from the PDA that makes it easier for everybody to communicate across the facility, and is also loaded with trusted references (Kent).   Because of his decision, the facility is currently using its annual budget for electronic medical references from Skyscrape Inc.   These references are the same as the actual books written by some of the world’s best medical authors and sold by top medical publishers (Kent).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Throughout his day at the teaching hospital, Dr. Kent is approached by his colleagues with a variety of questions, not only about medical information systems but also about the medical practice in general.   Especially in times of emergency, Dr. Kent is considered a ready reference for information about drugs as well as diseases.   Despite the PDA in everybody’s palm, Dr. Kent is considered by his colleagues as a superior authority on medical information â€Å"because of the nervousness felt by the new doctors and nurses† at the facility (Kent).   Still excited about the PDA, which was introduced at the facility in 2005, he explained this part of his job with an example:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The other day I was presented with a case of myocardial infarction by way of calls received from the emergency room physicians in order to review a patient.   With my PDA in hand, I did not have to go to my office and open up the Griffith’s 5-Minute Clinical Consultant before checking its index.   Instead, I simply typed ‘MYO’ on my PDA and got all the information required to send back to the emergency room physicians in the matter of moments.   Ã‚  Ã‚  At present, Dr. Kent is seriously considering the introduction of nursing informatics at the facility.   According to him, nursing is a scientific discipline with a focus on information or knowledge.   Hence, nursing informatics, too, is focused on the easy access of crucial information to nurses.   Indeed, nursing informatics has the power to embrace all pieces of information that a nurse would require at any time. Whether it is patient data or information about medicines that is required by a nurse at any given time, the help that information technology can provide in accessing required information cannot be discounted.   With Dr. Kent’s decision to install appropriate nursing informatics at the facility, nurses would no longer have to flip through â€Å"book after book† to find needed information at a time of emergency (Kent).   No longer would they have to go searching for doctors either (Kent).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Also according to Dr. Kent, everybody is considered a colleague at his facility.   Even the nurses are nowadays enjoying the concept of â€Å"shared governance† in practice (Kent).   Linda Chavez (2007), an acute care nurse at the same facility confirmed Dr. Kent’s report on shared governance for the nurses.   She has worked with the teaching hospital for thirteen years.   Now a teaching nurse (for acute care) at the healthcare facility, Ms. Chavez is thrilled about Dr. Kent’s decision to install nursing informatics which would make her job much easier. She has little part to play in this decision of Dr. Kent or other senior members of the hospital.   Still, she has recently joined a council group at the hospital with nurses and other members of the facility making joint decisions that usually have a dramatic impact on the quality of patient care.   The council group has already been consulted about the introduction of nursing informatics at the facility.   However, â€Å"the final decision rests with Dr. Kent,† Ms. Chavez explained.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The council group considers all of its members as equals.   Nevertheless, the seniority of the directors of the facility remains unperturbed.   Moreover, everybody at the facility is not invited to become a member of the group.   â€Å"The final decision about the group members rests on the directors of the facility, and they are allowed to remove anybody from the group at whatever time they will† (Chavez).    The council group that Ms. Chavez joined in late 2006 is responsible for evaluating the status quo, besides recommending changes that the members deem necessary.   Nevertheless, she emphasized that her role in governance is strictly restricted to â€Å"recommendations† (Chavez).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Ms. Chavez is grateful that nurses may now join the council group upon invitation at the facility.   The concept was first introduced at the hospital in the year 2005.   Ms. Chavez explained the importance of nurses joining the council group thus:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Back in 2005, some of the nurses in the council group complained about Coumadin, a blood thinner that many of the patients at the facility were administered.   Seeing that changes in blood consistency often put patients at risk of fatal bleeding or clotting, and we had no procedure in place for determining how regularly patients should return to get their blood tested; this issue raised by nurses was an extremely important one.   So, the council decided to Two Separate Levels of Governance at a Teaching Hospital  address it once and for all.   There was extensive research conducted, after which the hospital  issued new guidelines based on the findings of other council members. For Ms. Chavez and the other nurses that are currently a part of the council group, it is invigorating to join hands with the physicians in implementing important changes across the facility.   Even so, directors such as Dr. Kent have â€Å"the upper hand† (Chavez).   Also according to Ms. Chavez, nurses have always taken their limited role in the governance of a healthcare facility for granted. Although the council group is â€Å"a breath of fresh air,† most of the nurses at the facility are not allowed to join it yet (Chavez).   Because the facility where Dr. Kent and Ms. Chavez work â€Å"would always be a teaching hospital,† the directors are considered authority figures and physicians rarely are (Chavez).   All the same, both interviewees remain generally satisfied with their particular levels of governance (Chavez Kent). References Chavez, L. (2007). Personal Interview. Kent, D. (2007). Personal Interview.

History, Culture and Identity of Mothers and Daughters in Amy Tan’s The

History, Culture and Identity of Mothers and Daughters in Amy Tan’s The Joy Luck Club   Ã‚  Ã‚   Amy Tan’s The Joy Luck Club is a novel that deals with many controversial issues. These issues unfold in her stories about four Chinese mothers and their American raised daughters. The novel begins with the mothers talking about their own childhood’s and the relationship that they had with their mothers. Then it focuses on the daughters and how they were raised, then to the daughters current lives, and finally back to the mothers who finish their stories. Tan uses these mother-daughter relationships to describe conflicts of history, culture, and identity and how each of these themes are intertwined with one another through the mothers and daughters.   Ã‚  Ã‚   The mothers and daughters not only experience a generation gap, but since the mothers were born in China and the daughters were born in America, they also experience a certain cultural gap. This leads to miscommunication and misunderstanding on both parts. To the mothers, their Chinese heritage is very meaningful to them and the Americanized daughters don’t always understand this. The daughters get embarrassed by their mothers’ broken English. For instance, at one point Lindo Jong says "But inside I am becoming ashamed. I am ashamed she is ashamed. Because she is my daughter and I am proud of her, and I am her mother and she is not proud of me." (pg. 291). Lindo is hurt because her daughter Waverly, is talking to her like she is a child. Waverly does not do this on purpose, she just has a hard time understanding her mother and her background, like the other daughters in the book.   Ã‚  Ã‚   "Living with their traditional culture in American society, Chinese-American women suffer the prob... ...ying to save their daughters from the cultural barriers, and identity crisis’ that they had to face. It is in listening to these stories that the daughters find their true identities and become the people that they really are. They realize that they do not have to look at their mothers’ as their opponents, but instead their equals. They accept and even honor the fact that they are the same as their mothers. The Joy Luck Club tells a strong and powerful story that shows the importance of history, culture, and identity in mother daughter relationships, and also in everyday life.    Works Cited Do, Thuan Thi. Chinese-American Women in American Culture. 1992 http://www.ics.uci.edu/~tdo/ea/chinese.html    Jokinen, Anniina. Anniina's Amy Tan Page. 1996 http://www.luminarium.org/contemporary/amytan/    Tan, Amy. The Joy Luck Club. New York: Random House, 1989.

Should there be separation of church and state?

Ancient Greek civilization and culture continues to be one of the landmarks of world history because of the invaluable contribution that the Greeks have made in virtually all areas of human endeavor. However, civilization is not static and Greek society was swept into the same historical process that led all societies to the modern world of capitalism. What is distinct about Greek society today is the direct role that the church plays in the realm of politics, where most other countries have developed forms of government that excluded the direct participation of religious entities. What is the church’s role in the Greek state of affairs? Should there be a separation of powers of church and state in the context of Greece? The Orthodox Church in Greek Society The Orthodox Church traces its roots to the Orthodox Church based in Constantinople. It is the most dominant religion in Greece, claiming influence over 90% of the country’s population, a very wide political base that could determine the winner in national elections.   The subsequent nationalization of the Church further institutionalized its political power and created a culture/national identity where traditional church values are the core (Geographic 2004). Like most church hierarchies, the Greek Orthodox Church has always played as a conservative political force. It supported the monarchy and also aligned itself with the right wing military junta in the 1960’s in order to wage a common battle against a common threat – communism (Maniatis 2002). It also perceives pluralism and other liberal ideas as a challenge to its monopoly in the cultural sphere and has vigorously opposed such influences. It’s involvement in politics resulted in factionalism but nevertheless, it has undeniable influence over government policies and programs (Geographic 2004). Currently, Orthodox Church officials are actually employed by the government through the Ministry of National Education and Religious Affairs which incidentally, also manages the properties of the church (BBC 2005). Recently, scandals rocked the Orthodox Church with allegations of embezzlement, smuggling and bribing of judges. On the Separation of Church and State From the perspective of a person outside looking in, I believe that there should be a separation of church and state. This position is based on the premises that the Church (or religion in general), especially if it is conservative promotes an ideology that preserves the traditional way of life and the status quo in society. If the church is part of governance, naturally it ensures the consistency of laws, policies and programs with the tenets of the church. For instance, because homosexuality and divorce is contrary to Church teachings, it leaves out the agenda of women and gay’s rights. Because the Orthodox Church opposes multi-culturalism, it promotes religious and cultural discrimination to governance. Because science is contrary to church teachings, how then can scientific study be actively promoted by government institutions? As such, government can not effectively respond to the breadth of social issues first through objective study followed by the institution of measures appropriate with empirical evidence if there is no actual separation of church and state. Finally, if the church also functions as part of Civil Society, or as a check and balance to government, it can not do so if it is employed by that institution with its officials actually receiving salary from it. It would be a case of conflict of interest and undermines the interest of the public. List of References Geographic (2004) Greek Church and State.  [18 February 2008] BBC One Minute News: Europe (2005) Greek Church Plans Scandal Summit. Available   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   from

Briefing The Seveso Disaster - TCDD

Few industrial accidents can match the severity of the Seveso disaster of 1976. Despite the resulting long-term health problems and environmental risks, however, the accidental release of gases including TCDD -- a form of cancer-causing dioxin -- into a residential area of Italy had some positive legacies, including the creation of tighter environmental regulations and health protections throughout Europe. Seveso: Before and After the Disaster A small suburban town some 10 miles north of Milan, Italy, Seveso had a population of about 17,000 in the 1970s. Other nearby cities include Desio, Cesano Maderno and Meda; together, these formed a mix of urban, residential and small farming areas. A local chemical plant, constructed many years earlier in Meda, was owned by ICMESA, a subsidiary of pharmaceutical giant Hoffman-La Roche. Overall, the plant was not perceived as a threat by the local population. All that changed, however, on the afternoon of Saturday, July 10, 1976, as parts of the plant were being shut down for the weekend. While residents of Seveso and the surrounding area were tending their gardens, running errands or watching their children play, one of the buildings in the chemical plant was getting dangerously hot as cooling mechanisms were turned off. When the temperature inside one of the plants tanks reached a critical level, a pressure release valve opened, and about six metric tons of toxic gas were emitted from the facility. The resulting gas cloud that drifted over the Seveso area contained an estimated one kilogram of TCDD, technically known as 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxin. TCDD in Seveso TCDD is one type of dioxin, a family of chemical compounds that are a by-product of industrial activities like bleaching wood pulp, incinerating garbage, metal smelting, and chemical production. Dioxin is also present in small amounts in the herbicide Agent Orange, which was used throughout Southeast Asia during the Vietnam War. Dioxin is universally recognized as a carcinogen (a cancer-causing agent). Its also known to cause reproductive, immune and developmental effects in mammals, and can cause severe liver problems in people exposed to high levels of the compound. Chloracne, a serious skin condition that resembles very bad acne, can also result from high exposures to dioxin. Within a few hours after the ICMESA facility gas release, over 37,000 people throughout the Seveso area were exposed to unprecedented levels of dioxin. Among the first to suffer, however, were the areas animals. According to Time, One farmer saw his cat keel over, and when he went to pick up the body, the tail fell off. When authorities dug the cat up for examination two days later, said the farmer, all that was left was its skull. Despite their exposure to high levels of dioxin, it was a few days before people began to feel the effects: nausea, blurred vision, skin lesions and the development of severe chloracne, particularly among children. As a result of the slow development of symptoms, the area around Seveso was not immediately evacuated. Dead animals, especially chickens and rabbits kept as food, began to overwhelm the citys resources, and many were slaughtered on an emergency basis to prevent people from eating them. (Dioxin accumulates in fatty tissue, and can be ingested by eating plants or animals that have been exposed to it.) By 1978, an estimated 80,000 animals were slaughtered. The Legacy of Seveso The response to the Seveso accident was widely criticized as slow and bungled. Several days passed before it was announced that a gas containing dioxin had been released from the facility; evacuation of the worst-affected areas took several more days. Research into the long-term health effects of the Seveso disaster is ongoing. One study from 2008 found that babies born to women living in the contaminated area at the time of the accident were about six times more likely to have altered thyroid function than other babies. Additionally, a 2009 report found an increase in breast and lymphatic cancers in the area. However, other research into liver, immune, neurologic and reproductive effects yielded no conclusive information. Seveso and its residents continue to function as a kind of living laboratory into the effects of dioxin exposure on people and animals. Throughout Europe, the name Seveso is now associated with tough regulations that require any facilities storing, manufacturing or handling hazardous materials to inform local authorities and communities about the nature of their facility, and to create and publicize measures to prevent and respond to any accident that may occur. The ICMESA plant is now completely closed, and the Seveso Oak Forest park was created above the buried facility. Beneath the wooded park, however, sits two tanks that hold the remains of thousands of slaughtered animals, the destroyed chemical plant and the soil that had the highest degree of dioxin contamination.